NVMe SSD上に確保したESPが、当初は問題ないのに何らかのタイミングで不具合が発生し、ESPとして認識されなくなる問題の調査記録。
diskinfo
$ diskinfo -v /dev/nvd0
/dev/nvd0
4096 # sectorsize
960197124096 # mediasize in bytes (894G)
234423126 # mediasize in sectors
0 # stripesize
0 # stripeoffset
SAMSUNG MZQLB960HAJR-00007 # Disk descr.
S437NY0KCxxxxx # Disk ident.
Yes # TRIM/UNMAP support
0 # Rotation rate in RPM
$ sudo diskinfo -v /dev/nvme0ns1
/dev/nvme0ns1
4096 # sectorsize
960197124096 # mediasize in bytes (894G)
234423126 # mediasize in sectors
0 # stripesize
0 # stripeoffset
No # TRIM/UNMAP support
Unknown # Rotation rate in RPM
$ sudo diskinfo -v /dev/nvd0p1
/dev/nvd0p1
4096 # sectorsize
536870912 # mediasize in bytes (512M)
131072 # mediasize in sectors
0 # stripesize
24576 # stripeoffset
8 # Cylinders according to firmware.
255 # Heads according to firmware.
63 # Sectors according to firmware.
SAMSUNG MZQLB960HAJR-00007 # Disk descr.
S437NY0KCxxxxx # Disk ident.
Yes # TRIM/UNMAP support
0 # Rotation rate in RPM
S.M.A.R.T.
$ sudo smartctl -a /dev/nvme0ns1 smartctl 7.0 2018-12-30 r4883 [FreeBSD 12.1-RELEASE-p3 amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-18, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Number: SAMSUNG MZQLB960HAJR-00007 Serial Number: S437NY0KCxxxxx Firmware Version: EDA5202Q PCI Vendor/Subsystem ID: 0x144d IEEE OUI Identifier: 0x002538 Total NVM Capacity: 960,197,124,096 [960 GB] Unallocated NVM Capacity: 0 Controller ID: 4 Number of Namespaces: 1 Namespace 1 Size/Capacity: 960,197,124,096 [960 GB] Namespace 1 Utilization: 201,605,705,728 [201 GB] Namespace 1 Formatted LBA Size: 4096 Local Time is: Sun Oct 18 11:31:24 2020 JST Firmware Updates (0x17): 3 Slots, Slot 1 R/O, no Reset required Optional Admin Commands (0x000f): Security Format Frmw_DL NS_Mngmt Optional NVM Commands (0x001f): Comp Wr_Unc DS_Mngmt Wr_Zero Sav/Sel_Feat Maximum Data Transfer Size: 512 Pages Warning Comp. Temp. Threshold: 87 Celsius Critical Comp. Temp. Threshold: 88 Celsius Namespace 1 Features (0x02): NA_Fields Supported Power States St Op Max Active Idle RL RT WL WT Ent_Lat Ex_Lat 0 + 10.60W - - 0 0 0 0 0 0 Supported LBA Sizes (NSID 0x1) Id Fmt Data Metadt Rel_Perf 0 - 512 0 0 1 + 4096 0 0 === START OF SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED SMART/Health Information (NVMe Log 0x02) Critical Warning: 0x00 Temperature: 43 Celsius Available Spare: 100% Available Spare Threshold: 10% Percentage Used: 0% Data Units Read: 2,313,153 [1.18 TB] Data Units Written: 22,720,897 [11.6 TB] Host Read Commands: 57,512,115 Host Write Commands: 627,513,504 Controller Busy Time: 306 Power Cycles: 418 Power On Hours: 10,471 Unsafe Shutdowns: 395 Media and Data Integrity Errors: 0 Error Information Log Entries: 6 Warning Comp. Temperature Time: 0 Critical Comp. Temperature Time: 0 Temperature Sensor 1: 43 Celsius Temperature Sensor 2: 47 Celsius Temperature Sensor 3: 54 Celsius
gpart
> gpart show nvd0
=> 6 234423115 nvd0 GPT (894G)
6 131072 1 efi (512M)
131078 26214400 2 freebsd-zfs (100G)
26345478 4194304 3 freebsd-zfs (16G)
30539782 4194304 4 freebsd-zfs (16G)
34734086 2097152 5 freebsd-zfs (8.0G)
36831238 162529280 6 freebsd-zfs (620G)
199360518 23592960 7 freebsd-zfs (90G)
222953478 7864320 8 freebsd-zfs (30G)
230817798 3605323 - free - (14G)
ESPをゼロフィル
$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nvd0p1 bs=4096 dd: /dev/nvd0p1: end of device 131073+0 records in 131072+0 records out 536870912 bytes transferred in 4.088874 secs (131300437 bytes/sec) $ sudo dd if=/dev/nvd0p1 of=/usr/home/Decomo/nvd0p1_esp_zero_filled.raw bs=4096 131072+0 records in 131072+0 records out 536870912 bytes transferred in 6.493961 secs (82672331 bytes/sec) $ cat ~/nvd0p1_esp_zero_filled.raw | tr -d '\0' | read -n 1 || echo "All zeroes." All zeroes.
ESPを作る
$ sudo newfs_msdos -F 32 -S 4096 -c 1 nvd0p1 /dev/nvd0p1: 130812 sectors in 130812 FAT32 clusters (4096 bytes/cluster) BytesPerSec=4096 SecPerClust=1 ResSectors=4 FATs=2 Media=0xf0 SecPerTrack=63 Heads=255 HiddenSecs=0 HugeSectors=131072 FATsecs=128 RootCluster=2 FSInfo=1 Backup=2 $ mkdir /tmp/esp $ sudo mount -t msdosfs /dev/nvd0p1 /tmp/esp $ mkdir -p /tmp/esp/efi/boot $ cp /boot/boot1.efi /tmp/esp/efi/boot/BOOTx64.efi $ echo 'BOOTx64.efi' >> /tmp/esp/efi/boot/startup.nsh $ sync $ sync $ sync $ sudo umount /tmp/esp $ dd if=/dev/nvd0p1 of=/usr/home/Decomo/nvd0p1_esp_created.raw bs=4096 131072+0 records in 131072+0 records out 536870912 bytes transferred in 6.256422 secs (85811175 bytes/sec) $ cat ~/nvd0p1_esp_created.raw | tr -d '\0' | read -n 1 || echo "All zeroes." tr: Illegal byte sequence All zeroes.
イメージのsha1
$ sha1 ~/nvd0p1_esp_zero_filled.raw ~/nvd0p1_esp_created.raw SHA1 (/home/Decomo/nvd0p1_esp_zero_filled.raw) = 5b088492c9f4778f409b7ae61477dec124c99033 SHA1 (/home/Decomo/nvd0p1_esp_created.raw) = c17a73829890d552305af69bdc1ab2321e1f081d
再起動1回目後のイメージ
$ sudo dd if=/dev/nvd0p1 of=/usr/home/Decomo/nvd0p1_esp_reboot_20201018.raw bs=4096 131072+0 records in 131072+0 records out 536870912 bytes transferred in 6.461511 secs (83087514 bytes/sec) $ sha1 ~/nvd0p1_esp_reboot_20201018.raw SHA1 (/home/Decomo/nvd0p1_esp_reboot_20201018.raw) = c17a73829890d552305af69bdc1ab2321e1f081d